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To all whom it may concern: Be
it known that I, FRANK GEORGE
BAUM, a citizen of the United States, residing at
San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California,
have invented certain new and useful Improvements in high tension
Insulators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact
description. My
invention relates to high tension insulators. In long-distance
transmission of electric currents it is common to employ very high
voltages in order to transmit the required power with a minimum size of
line conductors. In the insulation of potentials of sixty thousand to
one hundred thousand volts and over serious difficulties arise by reason
of "leakage"' or "creepage" of the electricity over
the surface of the insulators. The leakage is due principally to dust
and moisture upon the surface of the insulators, which constitutes a
film for the conduction of electricity or minute conducting areas
between which static discharges may take place.
In order to absolutely prevent leakage across the surface of the
insulator, it is necessary that the latter, he perfectly clean and dry
and have sufficient intervening surface between, the conductor and its
supporting means. In
order to secure a dry surface, insulators are commonly made with several
"petticoats," so as to present a minimum unprotected surface
to the atmosphere to gather dust and damp. In time, however, even the
protected surfaces are liable to become covered with a deposit of dust,
which greatly impair the insulation, and since the surfaces are not
exposed they are not washed, off by the rains under these conditions. The
object of my invention is to provide an insulator which shall be capable
of resisting very high voltages, which shall operate efficiently in
rainy weather, and which shall not be liable to deterioration from
accumulations of dust upon its surface. A further object of my invention is to provide an insulator which shall
be of simple, strong, and compact construction and which is adapted to
use with the existing posts and other objects in view my invention
consists in the construction, combination, location, and arrangement of
parts all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the
accompanying drawing, finally
particularly pointed out in the appended claims. The
drawing shows an insulator embodying the principles of my invention,
partly in section and partly in side elevation. It
will be understood that surfaces which are exposed to the weather to a
sufficient extent to be effectually washed off by the rains are in
position to have their insulation impaired during the storm by the
coating of moisture. In
carrying out my invention I make use of the combination of weather
washed surfaces with petticoat protected surfaces. Referring
to the drawing, in which like parts are designated by the same reference
sign, 1 indicates a petticoat insulator of substantially the ordinary
form, having petticoats 2 3, 4, and 5 thereon, each of which has its
interior surface ribbed or corrugated, so as to provide a greater
insulating surface. 6
indicates the usual cement fillings by which the different petticoats
are secured together. The
upper petticoat 5 is provided with the usual annular groove 7 for the
reception of any clamping or securing devices.
I make use of this groove 7 for supporting a supplemental and
weather washed insulating member which constitutes an essential feature
of my invention I have illustrated a practical form of this supplemental
insulator comprising an insulating tube 8, of porcelain or other
material, having annular ribs 9 extending along a considerable distance
at each end thereof. The
central portion of the tube is conveniently left smooth, as at 10, and
fits in the groove 11 on the petticoat 5. 12
indicates supporting straps by which the tube 8 is secured to the body
of the insulator 1. In the drawing these straps comprise stamped metal plates,
which are slightly bent to surround the tube 8 and the groove 7 and are
clamped into place thereon by clamping bolts 13. The particular method
of supporting the tube 8 from the insulator 1 is not important, it being
merely essential to secure the two together so as to leave the ribbed
ends 9 exposed and out of contact with the main insulator. The supplemental insulator 8 is provided with means for holding the line wire in place, and I have shown the supplemental insulator as having a longitudinal square hole 14 with slightly flared ends. With this hole I insert a supporting frame of metal |
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rod
15, which may be held in place by a layer cement 16 at its central
portion. The ends 15' of the supporting frame are afterward bent
upwardly and toward one another, so as to form aligned sections 15”,
to which the line-wire may be conveniently attached. 17 indicates the
line-wire, which is strapped to the frame 15 by binding wire 18. This form of supporting frame may of course be widely
modified and still embody the principles of my invention, so I do not
desire to be limited or restricted to the form shown. By
virtue of the above arrangement the insulation strain lies between the
cement 16 and through the body of the insulators 8, 5, Having
described my invention, I claim-- 1.
In a high potential insulator a main insulating member having
petticoats, and a supplemental insulator having a surface adapted to be
washed by the rains, both of said insulators being arranged to be
traversed in series by the leakage currents from one of the circuit
wires to another of the same circuit. 2.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulating member having
petticoats with internal ribs thereon and a supplemental insulator
having ribs thereon adapted to be washed by the rains the two insulators
being in series to oppose leakage currents from one circuit wire to
another of the same electrical circuit. 3. In a high potential insulator, an insulating member, having
petticoats, a tubular integral
supplemental insulator secured thereto, and means on said supplemental
insulator for the attachment of a line wire. 4.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulating member having
petticoats, a tubular supplemental insulator secured thereto, and a line
wire attaching frame extending through said tubular insulator. 5.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulator having a petticoat with
an annular groove, a supplemental tubular insulator having its surface
exposed to the rains, and means surrounding said groove for attaching
said supplemental insulator to the main insulator. 6.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulator having a petticoat a
supplemental tubular insulator having ribbed ends and attached to said
petticoat at its central portion, and a line wire carrying frame
extending through said tubular insulator. 7.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulating member having a
petticoat, a supplemental insulating tube secured to the top of said
petticoat at the central portion of said tube, annular ribs upon the
ends of said tube, and a line wire carrying frame extending through said
tube and supported thereby. 8.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulating member having a
petticoat, a tubular insulator supported from the top of said petticoat
and having projecting end portions exposed to the weather, and a
line-wire supported by said tube whereby an insulation Strain is imposed
over the weather washed surface thereof. 9.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulator having a petticoat, and
integral tubular insulator having projecting ribbed ends and secured to
said petticoat, and a line wire supported by said tubular insulator. 10.
In a high potential insulator, a main insulating member having a
vertical axis, and a supplemental integral tubular insulator
horizontally disposed upon said main insulator and having vertical ribs
or corrugations exposed to the weather. In
witness whereof I subscribe my signature in the presence of two
witnesses. FRANK
GEORGE BAUM. Witnesses: W.
A. HEATHCOTE, J. T. PETERS. |