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To all whom it may concern: Be
it known that I, VERNON G. CONVERSE,
a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of
Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered new and
useful Improvements in Insulators, of which the following is a
specification. My
invention relates to devices for the support and insulation of
electrical conductors, particularly conductors used for transmitting
currents of high voltage. I
have found that the best form of a high-voltage insulator consists of at
least one outwardly extending-flange or petticoat in order to give
sufficient distance from the conductor around the insulator to the
support, and I have also found that it is advisable to insulate the
insulator-support as far as possible, especially by attaining an extra
long distance and an extra protection between the line or conductor and
the non-insulated or grounded portion of the insulator-support. In
the drawings which form a part of this specification, Figure I is a view
of my insulator, half in vertical section.
Fig. II is a like view of a modified form of my invention.
Fig. III is a second modification of the same, and Fig. IV is a
section on the line IV IV of Fig. II. In
each of the figures of the drawings 1 represents the top or cap of the
insulator, having a series of petticoats or flanges, and is made of some
insulating material, preferably glass or porcelain, though other
insulating materials may be used. 2
is the section of the insulator which protects the support or pin 3, and
is made of insulating material. The
top portion of the pin 3 supports the insulator, its bottom portion
being fastened to a pole or a cross-arm thereon in the usual manner. The
shape or construction of the parts 1 and 2 may be varied provided there
is a sufficient distance around the insulator from the conductor to the
pin and the pin is sufficiently covered or protected. An insulator
embracing these features of parts 1 and 2 thus far described might be
satisfactory if made in one piece; but I have found that it is
practically an impossibility in the present state of the art of
insulator manufacture to shape or preserve the shape of the insulator
through-out the various stages of its construction when it is as large
as required for very high voltages. Referring to Fig. I, the bottom of the section 1 and the top of the section 2 are provided with screw-threaded holes 4 and 5, respectively, which receive the threaded ends of the connecting-pin 6. The sections 1 and 2 are separated from each other by the washer 7, which may be of felt or other material. The washer is to prevent friction between said sections. The pin 6 may be of insulating material or not. In fact, metal may be used if very great strength is required. The pins 3 and 6 do not engage each other, but are Separated by the partition 8, which prevents any possible arcing of the current from the conductor 9, which lies in the slot 10 of the section 1, to the top of the pin 3 and between the sections 1 and 2. Where the voltage is not too high, the partitions 8 may be omitted.
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Referring
to Figs. II and IV, it will be seen that section 1 is substantially like
the corresponding section in Fig. I.
Section 2 has instead of a screw-threaded hole in its top an
annular groove 11 to receive the lower end of a cylindrical support or
hollow pin 12, which may be of metal, if desired. The support, pin, or
tube 12 has a threaded part 13 cast or made on its upper end to fit the
hole 4 in the section 1. The
lower end of the tube or hollow pin 12 is secured in the groove 11 by a
filling 14 of sulfur and feldspar or other cement.
I prefer to use the washer 7 in this form of my invention. Referring
to Fig. III, the section 1 has instead of the threaded hole 4 the
externally threaded shoulder or flange 15, and the section 2 has its
upper end threaded externally at 16. The
sections 1 and 2 are connected or secured together by the bushing or
sleeve 17, which may be considered a hollow pin and is internally
treaded, so as to fit the threads on their adjacent ends.
The sleeve 17 may be made of fiber or other material having the
necessary strength. It
will be seen that the top of the pin 3, which is ordinarily not
insulated from the ground, is separated from the conductor 9 by long
distance, which is many times greater than if the pin 3 entered the hole
4, according to the usual construction.
Where the grounded pin and the conductor are very close together,
an intense electrical stress is set up, and in such a ease where
currents of very high voltage are used leakage will occur over the
insulator from the conductor to the pin; but where the pin and the
insulator are separated by a long distance the leakage is greatly
decreased or entirely stopped. This
invention is not limited to the three forms illustrated, as I know of
other modifications which employ the principles thereof. It
is applicable to the mounting or the joining of the parts of a built-up
insulator such, for example, as is covered by my Patents Nos. 701,847
and 701,848. Having
described my invention, what I claim is-- 1.
An insulator comprising a pin, a petticoat-section having an opening for
the pin, the opening being closed beyond the pin by the material of the
section, a petticoat-section of insulating material beyond the first
section and in alignment therewith, and a pin connecting said sections. 2.
An insulator comprising a pin, a section of insulating material having
an opening for the pin, the opening being closed beyond the pin by
insulating material, a petticoat-section beyond the first section, and
in alignment therewith, and a pin connecting said sections. 3.
An insulator having a pin, an insulating-section having two openings
separated by material of the section, one of the openings fitted with
the pin a second pin having one end in the remaining opening in the
section, and a second insulating-section having an opening fitted with
the remaining end of the second pin. Signed
at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, this 4th day of November 1902.
VERNON G. CONVERSE. Witnesses:
A. M. STEEN, F. N. BARBER. |