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To all whom it may concern: Be
it known that I, JOHN YANDELL,
of St. Louis city and county, and State of Missouri, have invented a new
and useful Improvement in the Mode of Insulating the wires of Magnetic
Telegraphs and other Magnetic Apparatus, which is described as follows,
reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same; making part of
this specification. Figure
1 is an elevation of the upper end of a telegraph-pole with the
insulator inserted therein. Fig.
2 is a vertical section through the center of the same. Fig. 3 is a side
view of a bracket containing an insulator designed to be used in
securing to a tree, when that mode of support is employed. Fig. 4 is a
section through the same at the line x x of Fig. 3. Fig.
5 is a front view of the same. Fig.
6 is a side view of the insulator. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of
the same. Fig. 8 is an end
view of the same. Fig. 9 is
a cross-section of the same. Fig.
10 is an end view of a modification of the same when used to receive the
wire from the top of the post. Fig.
11 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of the same, the flange
being concentric with the cylindrical portion forming the body. Fig. 12 is a sectional view of a post with the insulator, Fig.
11, inserted, this form being used when the post is not large enough at
the top to work into the shape of Figs. 1 and 2. The nature of this invention consists in cutting the sides of telegraph-posts near their upper ends, and the sides of the brackets, when it is designed to use trees as a means of support for the wires, so as to form depressions on either side about one-third the thickness of the post or bracket in depth, and boring a hole having an eccentric recess at one end through from one depression to the other, and inserting in said bole a glass cylindrical insulator, in which the wire is introduced through a slot in its upper part, having an eccentric or concentric flange at one end, and corresponding in size and form with the hole and recess, and held in its place by a cleat in such a manner as to afford an insulator which shall be prevented from turning within the post and bracket, to prevent the escape of the wire from the same, and be protected from rain and sleet, &c. during stormy weather. To
enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will
proceed to give a more particular description of its construction. A
is the upper portion of the telegraph-post hewed to an edge at its upper
end, so as to shed off rain, Snow, sleet, &c., and having a
horizontal hole bored through it a short distance below its upper end,
and depressions hewed in its sides below said hole, to prepare it for
the reception of the insulator. This is done in the following manner: A
hole-say, two and one-quarter inches in diameter-is first bored, by an
auger, in the post; about one-third its diameter in depth, and another
auger of less size-say one and three-quarter inch-is then inserted in
this hole, and another hole of this size is bored through the remainder
of the post and parallel with the first and concentric with the same,
one side of which (being its upper part when the posts are placed
upright) is on a line with one side of the first mentioned bole. This
being done, an inclined slit, B, sufficient to admit the wire, is sawed
from one side of the post into the holes. When
the top of the post is too small to permit the usual projection of the
wood over the insulator the slit must be from above, so as not to weaken
the post too much. Any suitable cover may be placed over to shed the
water, &c. The sides of the post at the ends of the holes, on the
opposite side of said holes, are then sawed, as at C, so as to incline
at a reverse angle with the slit B. The sides of the post are then hewed
from below, and the body of timber to the depths of the curfs last sawed
removed, so as to form depressions on either side of the post below the
hole, straight at their upper parts, the face of one being within about
three-eighths of an inch of the bottom of the larger hole first bored,
so as to leave a recess, D, at one end of the smaller hole, extending
through the post, eccentric with the same. The corners of the
depressions next the hole are then cut off with a chisel, as at F, to
prevent the possibility of the wires when set being blown in contact
with them. The post is then ready to receive the insulator. |
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F is the glass insulator, made in the form of a cylinder, corresponding
with the size of the hole through the post, with its interior bore,
which is flared outward or enlarged at
the ends, and eccentric or concentric with the outer periphery. When
eccentric the heaviest part is opposite to the slit from end to end. G
is a slit to allow the entrance of the wire into the bore. The
eccentric flange II attaches to one end of the insulator, its upper part
or edge terminating at the top of the cylinder, and its lower edge
extending some distance below the bottom of the same, so as to fit
within the recess D, formed by the hole first bored in the post. The
insulator is then inserted in the hole (the wire being passed through
the slit in the cylinder to the bore of the same) and the flange at the
end is fitted into the recess D, which, being eccentric with the
cylinder prevents the insulator turning either way. I
is a wooden oblong cleat made concave and beveled at its upper end and
nailed to the even surface of one of the depressions with its upper end
resting against the end of the insulator. This prevents its being drawn
out of the hole by the movements of the wire or other causes. K
is a wooden bracket designed to be nailed to a tree, when this manner of
support for the wires is used, or to the sides of the telegraph-posts
the required distance below the upper insulator, when two wires are
used. It is curved on its
under and upper parts, and bored in a similar manner to the posts, so as
to form a similar opening for the insulator, and is provided with an
inclined or vertical slit, L, extending from its outer part into the
insulator-hole, and is sawed and hewed on both sides below the hole the
same depth as the depressions in the sides of the post, so as to cause
its upper part to overhang the ends of the insulator, (which is inserted
and secured in the hole in the same manner that the insulator of the
post is inserted and secured in its opening,) and forms a roof for the
protection of the same from rain, &c. M is a modification of the insulator, made similar to the one first
described, except that its flange is concentric with the cylinder instead
of eccentric, and that it is provided with a notch in the flange,
through which a nail, N, is driven into the post or bracket, whose bead
prevents it from either turning or becoming dislodged from its place. O
is a modification of the first described, except that the flange is
sometimes omitted when peculiar conditions in the shape of the top of
the pole may render it necessary to reduce the bore as much as possible
to retain strength in the pole. P
is a view of the head of the post, with a vertical slit and piece of
board, Q, or metal nailed on top to prevent the access of rain, &c. This
modification is always adopted when the post is too small to allow a
side slit. What
I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- Casting
the g]ass insulators of magnetic telegraph and other wires of a
cylindrical form, with a flange at one end eccentric with the periphery
of the same, its upper part being even with the top, and its lower part
dropped slightly below the cylinder, and forming the bore of the
cylinder likewise eccentric with the periphery, so as to allow a greater
body of glass to form at its lower part than at its upper part, where it
is slit from its outer to its inner periphery to allow the insertion of
the wire, and inserting the insulator so formed into a horizontal hole
into which the wire is previously introduced through a slit at its side
bored through the post, or through a bracket secured on its side or to a
tree, and corresponding with the form of the flange which fits therein,
in such a manner as to insulate the wire from contact with the post, and
prevent the glass from slipping round, and consequently the escape of
the wire from the glass, as herein described, or in any other form
substantially the same as the form and modifications above described.
JOHN YANDELL. Witnesses: JOHN
N. DAWSON, W. F. SMITH. |