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To all whom it may concern: Be
it known that I, MORTON HARLOE,
a citizen of the United States, residing at Hawley, in the county of
Wayne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful
improvements in Insulators, of which the following is a specification,
reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings. This
invention relates to insulators such as are used for electrical wires of
any voltage, more especially such wires as are used for telephone and
telegraph lines; and the objects of the invention are to provide an
insulator of the kind to which the wires may be attached without tying,
to provide an insulator of the kind of greater strength and neatness
than those heretofore constructed, to render a more easy attachment of
the wire to the insulator, and to improve the form and efficiency of
such insulators in general. To
these ends the invention consists of the Construction arrangement, and
combination of elements as herein specified, and illustrated in the
drawings, in which-- Figure
1 is a side elevation of one of my insulators complete.
Fig. 2 is a similar elevation taken from the opposite side of
that shown in Fig. 1. Fig.
3 is an elevation taken at right angles to that of the views shown in
Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a
cross-section taken on the line x x of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a top plan view of an insulator made according to my
invention. Fig. 6 is a
diagram partly illustrating the method of attaching the wire to the
insulator. Fig. 7 is a
similar diagram illustrating another stage in the attachment of the wire
to the insulator. Similar characters of reference denote like and
corresponding parts throughout the several views. For the construction of my insulators glass, porcelain,
or any other insulating substance, which may be formed in a plastic
state, may be used. My invention contemplates the construction of the insulator from a single
piece of glass or any other such material. The lower part of the insulator is constructed with the usual
petticoat 1, an internal screw-threaded portion 2, by means of which the
insulator is adapted to be secured to the ordinary wooden pegs, such as
are now in use for similar purposes.
It is also furnished with the usual neck or groove 3, on which
tying-wire may be used, or for the purpose of connecting the electrical
wire to a branch line. The
principal features of the present invention are contained in the
construction of that part of the insulator above the groove 3. I
am aware that insulators have been heretofore used having projections to
which the wires to be insulated are wound or bent, so as to be held
thereby; but the forms heretofore used have been unsatisfactory, either
because the lugs or projections were too weak or because they have been
improperly located, or because the grooves or passages between them in
which the wire is to lie have been roughly or uningeniously formed. In
my device I construct the top or crown of the insulator into three main
parts, (designated as 4, 5, and 6,) the lugs 4 and 5 sloping or hanging
over in one direction and the lug 6, midway between them, sloping in the
opposite direction. The lugs 4 and 5 also slope to a greater distance
beyond the center of the top than the lug 6, so that the wire when
strung to the insulator lies considerably to one side of the center or
middle thereof. By this
arrangement a swinging or twisting motion will result on the insulator
should the wire from either side be torn, so that tautness on the other
side will have a tendency to turn or twist the insulator and increase
the kink or bend in the wire. The
exposed surfaces of the lugs are each a continuance of the walls of the
exterior surface of the insulator through curves in the surface thereof
without any edge, angle, or break or any other sharp obtrusion whereby
the wire might be cut or the insulating-coat thereof abraded. The
seat or location in which the wire to be insulated lies is designated at
7, and when the wire is placed therein a slight bend or crook is formed
by each of the three lugs against which it lies; but the lugs 4, 5, and
6 are arranged at a sufficient distance and in such relation with one
another as to securely hold the wire without bending any sharp crook
therein. It will be understood that where the wire is to be drawn very taut a |
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crook therein will have a tendency to weaken the wire at that point and
be liable to cause breakage
therefore I have arranged the projecting lugs in my insulator
with special reference to the preventing of unnecessary bending or
crooking in the wire, and the particular construction which I have
resorted to lies in the difference of height between the lugs 4 and 5,
taken together with the small overprojecting lip 8 in the lug 6.
The lug 4 slopes upward to a height corresponding almost to that
of the lug 6, while the lug 5, lying on the opposite side of the lug 6,
slopes to a height lower than that of the lug 4 to an amount equivalent
to the thickness of the wire to be inserted therein, whereby the wire 9
may be inserted when in a taut condition with greater ease and with less
danger of breaking the same than would be the case if the lugs 4 and 5
aforesaid were of equivalent constructions. To insert a wire into one of my insulators, the insulator is first brought into a position with the wire, allowing the same to lie within the lugs 4 and 6 and extending through the hollow also between the lugs 4 and 5. Now after this is done to complete the insertion of the wire the insulator must be turned with reference thereto-so that the wire will slide over the slope 10 of the lug 5 until it passes completely over the top of said lug, upon which it falls, or may be easily pressed down under the projecting portion l2 thereof. To aid in this process, the lip 8 on the lug 6 serves to hold the wire in position while it is being stringed over the surface 10 of the lug 5. The insulator of course must not he screwed too tight on the peg when this operation is to be performed, but should be turned with the left hand, while the wire is first pulled with the right hand, as shown in full lines in Fig. 6. The insulator should then be turned until the wire is thrown in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 6, whereupon the wire is held under the lip 8. This being accomplished, the wire is pressed forward and upward over the slope 10 of the lug 5 from the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7, whereupon it drops down under the overhanging portion l2 of the lug, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7, and the insertion is complete. By
the particular construction of the grasping-lugs 4 and 5 as is herein
illustrated and described I attain a much stronger, durable, and more
easily operated device of the kind than any heretofore constructed, and
I therefore believe it is a substantial advance in the art to which it
relates. What
I therefore claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1.
In an insulator of the kind described, a body petticoated and adapted to
be secured to a peg, the crown thereof, comprised in three projecting
lugs, two of the said lags sloping and overhanging in one direction, and
another of the said lags sloping and overhanging in an opposite
direction between the two before mentioned, one of the first-mentioned
lugs being lower than the other, substantially as specified. 2.
In an insulator of the kind described, the combination with the body
thereof, of three dissimilar lugs, two of them of unequal heights
sloping in one direction, and an intermediate one sloping in the
opposite direction, the intermediate lug provided with an overprojecting
lip at a height nearly equal to the thickness of the wire to be
insulated above the top surface of the lower one of the other,
substantially as specified. 3.
In an insulator of the kind described, a trio of lugs having opposed
overhanging projections obtruding from the crown thereof, and a course
about them through which the wire to be held may be strung, the said
course being in general to one side of the center of the crown of the
insulator, and two of the said lugs arranged to clasp the wire and hold
it into position at a higher level than the top of the other lug,
whereby the wire may be more easily inserted under the overhanging
projection of the third lug, substantially as specified. In
testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
MORTON HARLOE. Witnesses. D.
G. MORAN, P. P. SMITH.
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